Flat Edge

Watercolor painting lessons - How to Use your flat brushes?

Flat brushes are good for wetting paper for backgrounds and foregrounds and for applying color quickly to large areas. Flats are good for making buildings and other rectangular shapes. The edges make lines, and the corners make details.

Bigger brushes work for bigger spaces and paper. If you're working on a big painting, a 3/4-inch flat brush makes painting a big, sweeping sky go quicker. For a looser style, use a bigger brush than you think you need for longer than you think you should. Start big and work your way down in brush size as you develop detail. Some artists simplify shapes and leave the detail out altogether, so they need big brushes. Some artists like to paint every hair on the cat, so they need itty-bitty brushes for loads of detail. I keep a 1/4-inch, a 1/2-inch, a 1-inch, and a 2-inch flat brush in my brush kit.

Try a variety of brush strokes with your flat brush:

• For a wide stroke, hold the brush so that the wide part is flat against the paper and pull down.
• To get a thin line, have the wide part of the brush facing you, then pull the brush either left or right so that you're painting with the thin edge.
• Make circle, fan, and hourglass shapes by holding the brush handle perpendicular to the paper and touching the brush hairs lightly to the paper so that they remain flat and don't get mooshed out of shape. Turn the handle in place. Keep turning for a complete circle, or stop halfway for hourglass and fan shapes.
• Achieve fine detail by tilting the brush so that only the corner touches the paper.
• To make scallops,hold the brush at a 45-degree angle (so that the thin edge points to opposite upper and lower the corners of the paper), pull down, round off the bottom, and curve the brush stroke to pull up moving toward the right (or to the left if you're left-handed). A calligrapher uses this same stroke to make thick and thin lines in a single stroke. Make a whole border using this stroke. It will look like a scalloped edge of thick and thin lines.

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